Is it possible for a pregnant girl? Early pregnancy: what is important to know? What movements should you not do during pregnancy?

Pregnancy is a physiological process in which a new human organism develops in a woman’s uterus, resulting from fertilization.

Pregnancy lasts on average for women 280 days(40 weeks, which corresponds to 9 calendar months or 10 lunar months). Pregnancy is also usually divided into 3 trimesters of 3 calendar months each.

Signs of early pregnancy

In the early stages, the diagnosis of pregnancy is made on the basis of doubtful and probable signs.

Questionable signs of pregnancy- various kinds of subjective sensations, as well as objectively determined changes in the body, outside the internal genital organs: taste whims, changes in olfactory sensations, easy fatigue, drowsiness, pigmentation of the skin on the face, along the white line of the abdomen, nipples and areola.

Possible signs of pregnancy- objective signs from the genital organs, mammary glands and when staging biological reactions to pregnancy. These include: cessation of menstruation in women of childbearing age, enlargement of the mammary glands and the appearance of colostrum when squeezed out of the nipples, cyanosis of the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix, changes in the shape and consistency of the uterus, and an increase in its size.

You can first verify the presence of pregnancy at home using a rapid test for the content of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin in a woman’s urine (the test is carried out from the first day of the delay of the next menstruation).

It allows you to confirm the fact of pregnancy.

Changes in the body of a pregnant woman

Numerous and complex changes occur in a woman's body during pregnancy. These physiological changes create conditions for the intrauterine development of the fetus and prepare the woman’s body for labor and breastfeeding of the newborn. Menstruation stops, the mammary glands increase in volume, and the nipples darken.

Many pregnant women experience nausea and sometimes vomiting in the first trimester - these symptoms are commonly called. Weakness, drowsiness, heartburn, drooling, changes in taste, and frequent urination often occur. These disturbances in well-being are characteristic of a healthy and normal pregnancy.

Particularly large changes occur in the woman’s genital organs. Each time the uterus grows, the blood supply to the internal and external genital organs increases. The tissues swell and become elastic, which facilitates their better stretching during childbirth. In the mammary glands, the number and volume of glandular lobules increase, their blood supply increases, they become tense, from the nipples. There is a sharp increase in the amount of gonadotropic hormones, as well as estrogens and progesterone, produced first by the corpus luteum (a temporary gland formed at the site of the follicle from which the mature egg emerged) and then. Hormones secreted by the corpus luteum (progesterone and, to a lesser extent, estrogens) help create conditions for the proper development of pregnancy. The corpus luteum undergoes reverse development after the fourth month due to the development of the hormonal function of the placenta.

To manage pregnancy, it is necessary (3 - 4 weeks after the delay of menstruation), where the doctor examines and examines the external and internal genital organs, and, if necessary, prescribes additional examinations.

Genital organs during pregnancy

Uterus. During pregnancy, the size, shape, position, consistency and reactivity (excitability) of the uterus changes. The uterus gradually enlarges throughout pregnancy. Enlargement of the uterus occurs mainly due to hypertrophy of the muscle fibers of the uterus; At the same time, muscle fibers multiply and the newly formed muscle elements of the reticular-fibrous and argyrophilic “framework” of the uterus grow.

The uterus is not only a fruit repository that protects the fetus from adverse external influences, but also a metabolic organ that provides the fetus with enzymes and complex compounds necessary for the plastic processes of a rapidly developing fetus.

Vagina During pregnancy, it lengthens, widens, and the folds of the mucous membrane become more pronounced. The external genitalia loosen during pregnancy.

Lifestyle of a pregnant woman, regime, nutrition and hygiene

The developing fetus receives all the necessary nutrients from the mother. The well-being of the fetus depends entirely on the health of the mother, her working conditions, rest, and the state of the nervous and endocrine systems.

Pregnant women are exempt from night shifts, heavy physical work, work associated with body vibration or adverse effects of chemicals on the body. substances. During pregnancy, sudden movements, heavy lifting and significant fatigue should be avoided. A pregnant woman needs to sleep at least 8 hours a day. A walk before bed is recommended.

A pregnant woman must be carefully protected from infectious diseases, which pose a particular danger to the body of the pregnant woman and the fetus.

During pregnancy, you need to be especially careful about keeping your skin clean. Clean skin helps eliminate metabolic products that are harmful to the body through sweat.

A pregnant woman should wash her external genitalia twice a day with warm water and soap. Douching during pregnancy should be prescribed with great caution.

During pregnancy, you should carefully monitor the condition of your oral cavity and carry out the necessary treatment.

The mammary glands must be washed daily with warm water and soap and dried with a towel. These methods prevent cracked nipples and mastitis. If so, then you should massage them.

Maternity clothes should be comfortable and loose: you should not wear tight belts, tight bras, etc. In the second half of pregnancy, it is recommended to wear a bandage that should support the abdomen, but not squeeze it.

A pregnant woman should wear low-heeled shoes.

What can and cannot be done by women during pregnancy? What habits should they get rid of as quickly as possible so as not to harm the health of the unborn child? How should their diet change while pregnant? What should pregnant women not do according to folk wisdom? Which sports are good for the health of a young mother, and which ones can cause her to have a miscarriage or cause premature birth? The answers to all these questions can be found in this article.

What should pregnant women not do in the early stages?

The first and most important thing that expectant mothers should give up is the consumption of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes. Starting from 3-4 weeks and ending at 12-13, the formation of the baby’s internal organs occurs. It is at this time that it is especially important to try to limit the entry of harmful substances into the mother’s body in order to preserve the health and sometimes the life of the baby.

Smoking and drinking “fun” drinks in the early stages can lead to early toxicosis and severe pregnancy. In addition, these habits can cause the birth of a child with heart defects and other health problems. Thus, a baby may be born with incorrect body proportions. Smoking and alcohol consumed by the mother in the first trimester can cause strabismus, as well as drooping eyelids in the baby. Children whose mothers drank or smoked are usually born with low immunity and poor memory. They are usually far behind their peers in development.

Additionally Women carrying a baby should avoid sports training. They can cause spontaneous miscarriage.

It is contraindicated for expectant mothers to be nervous. They need to look at all life's adversities with a smile. Don't worry about trifles. If something serious happened, then you should try not to think about it or, as psychologists advise, try to find something good in what happened.

The health and life of the baby depends on the mental state of the expectant mother. She should remember that all the neuroses and stress that she experiences in the early stages are transferred to him. Due to the frequent experiences of a woman during pregnancy, her baby, at best, may be born weakened and nervous. At worst, she may “lose” the child while she is still pregnant.

We need to change our daily routine. If before pregnancy a young woman slept less than 6 hours a day, then it’s time to change that. While carrying a baby, the expectant mother needs to rest as much as possible and should not be overtired. She should sleep at least 9 hours a day.

A girl “in pregnancy” should stop using all kinds of medications, unless, of course, her life depends on them. We are talking about cases where a pregnant woman has a serious illness in which maintaining her health depends on taking certain medications. You should check with your doctor about how to continue to use them correctly so that the harm from them to the baby is minimal.

Information If you have a cold, expectant mothers are prohibited from using vasodilator drops to ease their breathing. You can't use it with antibiotics either. Treatment for any disease should only be prescribed by a doctor. Under no circumstances should pregnant girls self-medicate.

Also, expectant mothers should. Now it must be extremely correct. No fast food, soda or chips. From now on, only healthy food.

Contraindications

• A pregnant girl should not lie in a hot bath or go to a bathhouse or sauna.
• Pregnant girls should not do repairs in the apartment or anywhere else. They must shift this responsibility to someone else.
• The same can be said about general cleaning. It can only be carried out together with someone, and the woman carrying the baby should try to do only some simple work. It shouldn't require much effort from her.

If you need to clean up, but there is no one to help, then you need to take the following measures. First, choose a detergent with a mild odor. Secondly, be sure to wear rubber gloves when using it. And thirdly, never forget to periodically ventilate the room being cleaned.

• It is prohibited for expectant mothers to beat out carpets. This action requires them to make sudden and impetuous movements, and this is by no means useful for pregnant girls, one might even say, on the contrary, harmful.
• Do not climb onto high surfaces. For example, it is not recommended to climb onto a chair. A girl carrying a child may feel dizzy, which can cause her to lose her balance, lose her balance and fall. The consequences can be tragic. Therefore, she should entrust painting of floors, walls, ceilings, as well as washing windows to someone else.
• Lifting heavy objects is not allowed under any circumstances. The weight of a bag or any other item that a pregnant woman lifts should not exceed 2-3 kg.

Rearranging the furniture in the house should be done by the husband, friend, father-in-law, but not by the future mother. This is too much of a burden for her. This type of activity may cause her to bleed due to placental abruption, which could lead to later or premature labor.

• Pregnant women should not sit motionless for a long time. This happens, for example, when a woman sews or knits. These activities are undoubtedly very exciting, however, because of them, her body is constantly under tension. The joints become stiff, the back (most often the lumbar region) begins to hurt greatly. Because of this, blood circulation deteriorates, the amount of oxygen entering the woman’s body, and then the baby’s, decreases. Because of this, fetal hypoxia may occur, and the woman will have to undergo treatment in a hospital. To prevent this from happening, expectant mothers should observe the following conditions during such activities:

1. while knitting or sewing, sit upright, while leaning on the back of a chair or armchair;
2. Do not cross your legs under any circumstances;
3. Every 40 minutes get up and do a warm-up for about 5-10 minutes or just walk around the room.

What not to do in the first trimester (weeks 1-13)	What pregnant women should not do in the second semester (14-26 weeks)	What pregnant women should not do in the third semester (27-40 weeks)
Drink "fun" drinks, smoke cigarettes or weed, use drugs.	Wear uncomfortable and tight clothes.	Lie on your back.
Dye your hair with low-quality dye. The same can be said for painting your nails with cheap polish.	There are flour, sweet and fried. If you really want them, then you need to consume them in very small quantities.	Fly on a plane.
Eat poorly processed foods, as well as dirty vegetables or fruits.	Carry heavy bags.	Feel nervous or panic.
Take medications.	Do strenuous exercise.	Drink plenty of fluids.
Stay in rooms with people with measles or rubella, if the pregnant woman has not had them before.	Consume foods high in calories.	Do physical exercise.
Take a hot bath.	Drink herbal teas and herbal decoctions.	Drinking, smoking, or being in the same room as smokers.
Have unprotected sex with different partners. In some cases, intimate relations with a regular partner may be prohibited. This happens if there is a threat of miscarriage.	Lie in a hot bath, especially with essential oils in it. You are also not allowed to go to the bathhouse, solarium or sauna.	Take medications without a doctor's prescription.
Pregnant women are not allowed to be nervous.	Experience stressful conditions.	Walk in high heels.
Lift weights.	Make love if pregnancy occurs with complications.	Pregnant women are contraindicated from lifting weights.
Clean the litter box after cats.	You should also not have contact with sick people.	Wear uncomfortable clothes.
Do fluorography or x-rays.		Listen to loud music.
Eating poorly.

What should pregnant girls not eat?

“Eat whatever you want. Since the body requires some kind of product or drink, it means that it needs it, so you can eat everything without restrictions!” - This is an extremely incorrect statement. Pregnant women need to strictly monitor what they consume, otherwise they can greatly harm the baby’s health. So, let's look at what you can't eat during pregnancy, and also what you can, but in moderation.

Information Under no circumstances should you eat stale or expired foods, dirty vegetables or fruits, as well as meat and fish that have not undergone proper heat treatment.

What can you eat during pregnancy, but be careful?

1. Chocolate (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
2. Butter.
3. Coffee (1 cup per day) or tea (2 mugs per day).
4. Fatty fish (no more than 300 grams per 7 days).
5. Cod liver (you can eat a small piece once a week).
6. Salt (4-6 grams per day).
7. Seafood.
8. Fat meat.
9. Fast food (once a month).
10. Mayonnaise, mustard, ketchup and horseradish.

Women during pregnancy are prohibited from engaging in any active sports. Thus, they cannot play football, volleyball or basketball, or skate or roller skate. The only sport that is not prohibited for pregnant women is swimming. Although there are some limitations here too.

During pregnancy, you should not stretch your abdominal muscles, otherwise uterine tone may occur or a miscarriage or premature birth may occur. Therefore, pregnant women are prohibited from doing any exercises that strain their abdominal muscles. Let's take a closer look at which of them pregnant women should avoid:

• squats;
• lifting dumbbells;
• arm presses;
• any abdominal exercises;
• twisting;
• jumping;
• lunges;
• exercises performed while lying on your back;
• lifting weights.

Additionally It is not recommended to exercise during pregnancy in the first trimester! Only starting from the second you can start thinking about doing any exercises, but still, before you start doing them, you should consult a doctor. He will tell you exactly what a pregnant woman can do and what she cannot do. If the pregnancy is difficult, then he can prohibit any type of training and prescribe complete rest to the girl carrying the baby.

What should you not do after conception according to folk wisdom?

There are many signs that can somehow change fate. For example, it is believed that if a person accidentally breaks a mirror, then now he will encounter only misfortunes on his way. One more thing: if a girl looks like her dad and not her mom, then she will live a happy life.

The signs were invented a long time ago, no one knows what caused them, however, many still continue to believe them. So, let’s look at what, according to folk superstitions, women “in position” are not allowed to do:

• look at deformities, otherwise the child will be ugly;
• buy things for the baby before his birth, as evil spirits may want to take them away. To achieve their goal, they can try in every possible way to get rid of the baby who is still in the womb;
• stand or sit on the threshold. According to our ancestors, the threshold represents the boundary between the external world and the internal world. Sitting or standing on it, you can receive a curse from otherworldly spirits;
• If you are pregnant, you should not play with cats. In ancient times, it was believed that because of such games, the baby would later have enemies who would deceive him in every possible way using cunning. Our ancestors also believed that playing with cats could cause a baby to grow subcutaneous hair, which would subsequently interfere with his sleep;
• tell others about your pregnancy in the early stages;
• look at the carrion and also spit on it, otherwise the baby will have an unpleasant odor coming from his mouth;
• in a sitting position, cross your legs. This can cause bow-legs or clubfoot in the baby;
• step over brooms and logs. It is believed that because of this, the brownie may be offended by the pregnant girl and send misfortune to her;
• According to popular belief, a pregnant girl should not eat red berries. Ancient people believed that because of them a child could develop scrofula;
• cut hair;
• beat animals, otherwise the child will be born nervous;
• blow on the fire, otherwise during childbirth it will be difficult for the baby to breathe;
• comb your hair on Fridays. According to the ancients, this would make childbirth difficult;
• attend a funeral, go to a cemetery. This sign is explained by the fact that as long as the baby is in the mother’s belly, he does not have a guardian angel, and therefore evil spirits can try to take his soul for themselves;
• eat fish. As our ancestors claimed, because of it a baby can be born dumb;
• knit, as this may cause the baby to become entangled in the umbilical cord. Any knot tied by a pregnant woman can block the baby’s path to the world of the living.

What is contraindicated for pregnant women on Easter?

• Firstly, pregnant women should not go to the cemetery. There is a memorial week for this.
• Secondly, do any housework. Thus, it is prohibited to sew, wash, cook, clean, wash, vacuum, or plant anything. Swimming is also not allowed on this holiday.
• Thirdly, indulge in lovemaking with your husband or any other man.

What should pregnant women not do on Good Friday?

On Good Friday it is not allowed to sing, dance, have fun and shout, swear, drink alcohol, or make love with a partner. On this day, instead of all of the above, you need to think about your life, as well as what Jesus Christ did for people.

Just like on Easter, pregnant women should not do housework under any circumstances, and swimming is prohibited. On this day, girls carrying a baby should spend time with their family reading the Bible and praying.

Ordinary people are forbidden to eat and drink until the service of Vespers. Only after the shroud is taken out are they allowed to eat some bread and drink water. This is due to the fact that Good Friday is considered the strictest day during the entire Lent. Pregnant women do not need to “mock” their bodies in this way. Some people believe that not only should they fast, but they shouldn’t even go to church. However, these are all the prejudices of older people. If the expectant mother wants, then she can go to the service.

For women carrying a child, a very important condition for creating favorable conditions for the growth and formation of the fetus is a healthy diet. Compliance with the principle, eat everything that does not harm the baby is considered fundamental. You just need to know for sure which foods are dangerous and which ones you can eat whenever you want.

Now let's look at this in more detail.

Nutrition for pregnant women

Proper nutrition for a pregnant woman is the key to the health of the child and mother. Therefore it must be balanced. Together with food, the body receives all the substances necessary for the functioning of the emerging new life. In order not to clog organs and systems, harmful and useless foods should be excluded from the diet. To do this, you need to have information about what is recommended to eat and what is prohibited, as well as about nutritional habits at different stages of pregnancy.

1. A pregnant woman should eat intensively, as they say for two - this is the basic principle of changing the diet.
2. In terms of energy intensity, the increase should be from 500 to 800 kcal per day.
3. Overeating is strictly prohibited, as there is a threat of a woman becoming overweight, increasing the load on internal organs, which worsens the well-being of the pregnant woman.
4. Excessive nutrition also affects the body weight of the fetus; if it goes beyond acceptable limits, the birth will be difficult. This will have a negative impact on the child's health.

Refusing any foods during your entire pregnancy is the wrong step. Medical practice has proven that the complete absence of certain dishes in the diet can lead to unpleasant consequences in the future. Namely, your child, who will not receive these products in the womb, will be born with a physiological aversion to them. That is, there will be a risk of developing allergic reactions to whole types of common foods. Dealing with allergies is very difficult, it will poison the lives of your children. They will have to give up many treats. Therefore, adhere to a nutritional algorithm that provides for the refusal of certain foods only during a certain period of pregnancy. If you can eat them in another trimester, then eat them for your health.

You shouldn’t stick to diets either; eat different healthy foods, but in limited quantities. If you have any doubts about whether you can eat a particular treat or drink a drink, consult your doctor. This will be the right decision, helping to eliminate the slightest risks.

Prohibited products

The list of products that will harm you and your baby is quite wide. Pay attention to it and understand for yourself what the consequences of using them will be.

1. Dishes made from raw products - meat, fish, eggs, fresh milk, oysters are dangerous because bacteria and helminths, as well as viruses, live and multiply in them. These include salmonella, worms, noraviruses and rotaviruses. They cause intestinal infections and poisoning. Any intoxication during pregnancy affects the condition of the mother and fetus. The state of health of a pregnant woman during infection can be severe: chills and prolonged diarrhea, dehydration and exhaustion of the body. Some of the pathogens have a negative effect on the fetus; its development may occur with deviations.
2. Poor quality products, which include vegetables, fruits and other food that have expired. Such food causes serious systemic diseases from gastrointestinal disorders to dysentery and typhoid.
3. Allergens dangerous to children. It is better for pregnant women to temporarily, depending on the stage of pregnancy, give up strawberries, citrus fruits, nuts, honey and tomatoes. Practice has proven that from consuming this category of products, children often develop, and less often, allergic rhinitis and asthma.
4. Salt, it’s impossible to live without it, but you need to reduce its consumption. Salt has the property of retaining moisture, so pregnant women develop edema, blood pressure rises, and stress on internal organs increases. As a result, the pregnancy becomes more complicated and the woman’s well-being becomes unsatisfactory.
5. Smoking. These are obviously harmful foods, so it is recommended to exclude them from the diet completely. The categorical nature of the ban is associated with the carcinogenicity of the components included in smoked meats. And they cause cancer. For example, a scientifically proven fact is the connection between the occurrence of cancer and benzopyrene. It affects tissues in such a way that they begin to grow uncontrollably, this can occur in the body of the mother and fetus.
6. Canned food and twists. Their harm lies in the content of additives such as vinegar, salt in large quantities, preservatives, marinades, taste and aroma enhancers. Sodium nitrite is especially dangerous because it preserves the fresh appearance of meat products. To avoid the risk of these substances affecting your baby’s body, you should avoid purchasing products containing them. The harmful effect of canned food is a change in metabolic processes, which is not as scary for adults as it is for a child in the womb. He himself has an accelerated metabolism; it cannot be stimulated to a critical level.
7. Margarine and substitutes contain the maximum amount of fatty acids that affect cholesterol levels. The formation of plaques in blood vessels during pregnancy occurs faster than always. A woman’s body is busy supporting new life and does not have time to fight the accumulation of harmful fats on the vascular walls. That is, a woman can get atherosclerosis at a young age, which will become a problem for life.
8. Alcohol is a strictly prohibited product for pregnant women. It directly affects the development of the child’s organs and systems. Violations are expressed in, which becomes the cause of brain pathology, in the failure of the formation of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. World practice has proven that alcohol consumption can provoke the appearance of anomalies in the physical and mental development of an infant. Therefore, you should never drink alcohol.
9. Carbohydrates are easily digestible. This is refined sugar and sweet baked goods, which affect weight gain, pancreas function, and blood glucose levels. Abuse of sweets leads to gestational diabetes, which can remain a disease for life. Only in rare cases does he leave after resolving the burden.
10. Fast food, various semi-prepared meals, fried foods are a harmful diet for pregnant women. Everything that is prepared quickly and without hassle is stored for a long time, can be eaten on the go, and contains bad fats and carcinogenic substances. All expectant mothers should remember this.

This list should be in your head constantly, it is far from complete, so expand it for yourself. To do this, rely on your own well-being and advice from experts.

What not to eat in the early stages

In early pregnancy, nutrition should be treated with special attention. At this time, the formation of the vital systems of the embryo begins. Any adverse external influence can lead to developmental delays or miscarriage. During this period, there are many categorical prohibitions:

• Alcohol - it is completely excluded from the food set.
• Carbonated drinks and processed foods in the form of soups, noodles and other instant foods are not allowed. The same goes for chips and crackers with additives.
• Mayonnaise and ketchup should be replaced with other seasonings - sunflower oil, low-fat sour cream, natural yoghurts and homemade sauces.
• Smoked meats should be completely abandoned. Because they contain a lot of carcinogens.
• Allergenic nuts, chocolate, citrus fruits, and red berries should be eaten with great caution due to possible allergies in newborns. It often develops from the first days of the baby’s birth.
• Coffee consumption should be reduced. Drink only a couple of cups a day, try not to drink at night, as you need to be well rested and gain strength to carry the baby. Coffee has virtually no effect on the child’s body, but for the mother, increased blood pressure or insomnia can become a problem.

It is important to remember that even permitted foods during pregnancy should be eaten with an eye to your well-being. The main way to avoid the risk of disease is to follow the rules of hygiene and food handling. Prepare food correctly, boil and wash thoroughly, keep your hands and utensils clean.

What not to eat in late pregnancy

For late stages of pregnancy there is a list of prohibited foods. Some of them should be abandoned forever. Others should be used only occasionally.

• During this period, you need to drink only healthy drinks, and a pregnant woman should drink less anything that contains caffeine. It increases blood pressure, interferes with the absorption of calcium, and removes essential microelements magnesium, iron, phosphorus, and potassium from the body. A good substitute for coffee is chicory.
• Fried food falls into the category that is acceptable to eat, but rarely.
• Smoked meats, spicy seasonings and fatty foods should be excluded from the diet, as they add stress to the organs and systems of the expectant mother and negatively affect the child.
• Salty preserves are undesirable at any stage of pregnancy, and prohibited at later stages. Consuming it leads to increased swelling and worsening well-being.
• Seafood, including caviar, has significant contraindications for late pregnancy, as it develops a child’s tendency to allergies. Honey and some fruits and berries fall into the same danger category. For example, strawberries, oranges.
• It is also advisable to forget about chocolate in the third trimester, since it is considered an allergen for a child under one year old.
• The cause of intoxication can be melons, especially those whose ripening is caused by artificial methods.

Mushrooms are especially dangerous; it is better not to eat them at all. Because even edible mushrooms growing in poor environmental conditions can become poisonous. By eating them, you put your life and the life of your unborn child at risk.

What should you use with caution?

If you cannot do without any of these products, then consult your doctor about the quantities in which you can introduce them into your diet and when to reduce their consumption.

Consequences of poor nutrition

Knowing the list of prohibited products is one side of the issue; you need to understand what consequences their consumption in spite of the prohibitions will lead to. And they can be truly tragic.

For example, alcohol, even in small doses, changes blood flow in the placenta. Behind this lies the danger of an offensive. That is, the brain does not receive the necessary nutrition and its formation begins to slow down. Alcohol in the mother's blood is a danger for the child to get fetal alcohol syndrome, leading to developmental abnormalities. Therefore, before you drink a hundred grams, think about what misfortune could happen to the baby.

Having information about the dangers of certain foods, a woman can organize her diet in such a way that the food will help her endure pregnancy and not create additional problems. We wish you prudence and recommend that you take advantage of the expert recommendations given in this material.

Pregnancy is the most important period in the life of every woman. One of the first questions that expectant mothers ask is what can’t they eat, drink or do while pregnant? Let's take a closer look at why pregnant women should not drink alcohol, coffee, and what pregnant women should not eat during the first, second and third trimesters.

Nutrition for pregnant women

Proper nutrition is one of the most important components of a successful pregnancy and the good health of the expectant mother throughout all 9 months. This does not mean that a healthy pregnant woman needs to follow any special diet. It’s just that her diet should be balanced, include healthy foods that will provide mother and baby with all the necessary nutrients and beneficial elements.

Useless and harmful products, on the contrary, will need to be excluded so as not to burden the internal organs with unnecessary work, and also to avoid possible allergies in the newborn. This is why it is so important to know what pregnant women can and cannot eat at different stages.

1. First, you need to clarify that the expectant mother should receive more nutrition than before pregnancy. Her body now works for two, and to bear a child she needs to receive 500-800 kcal more per day.
2. However, excess nutrition is no less dangerous than malnutrition - it is an extra load on the stomach, liver, and excess excess weight can have a bad effect on your well-being. This is why pregnant women should not overeat.
3. The result of improper nutrition can also be a large weight of the fetus, and this will lead to difficulties during childbirth and possible health problems for the baby in the future.

Prohibited products

Prohibition of alcohol and cigarette consumption

At your first visit, your doctor should tell you what pregnant women should absolutely not eat. This list contains the following products:

This is all that is not allowed for healthy pregnant women in the early and late stages. However, sometimes the list can be wider - it depends on the individual characteristics of the organism.

Many people believe that pregnant women should not drink coffee - this is not entirely true. You can drink coffee while pregnant, but in very limited quantities.

Prohibited foods in the early stages

Nutrition during the first 12-13 weeks of pregnancy is practically no different from the usual diet. The increase in kilocalories consumed at this stage is insignificant - it is enough to drink an additional glass of kefir or eat one banana.

However, any woman needs to remember that it is forbidden for pregnant women in the early stages.

1. Green tea. It interferes with the absorption of folic acid, which is extremely important for the fetus in the early stages.
2. Coffee. Caffeine can cause uterine contractions, which can lead to miscarriage - which is why pregnant women shouldn't drink coffee.
3. Tuna, mackerel. These types of fish can accumulate heavy metals that harm brain development, as well as the central nervous system of the fetus.
4. Herbal teas. These healthy drinks can be dangerous in the early stages, as some herbs have abortifacient properties.

In addition to what pregnant women should not eat during the first trimester, you need to know what you should not do without at this stage - these are fresh vegetables, fruits growing in your region, low-fat cheese, cottage cheese, and offal. You need to eat meals in small portions 5-6 times a day.

Prohibited foods in later stages

For later periods of an “interesting situation” there is also a list of restrictions. Now the fetus is almost completely formed, so many women, breathing a sigh of relief, come to the conclusion that they can now eat as usual.

However, the last trimester is fraught with new difficulties, so you need to remember that pregnant women should not eat or drink during this period.

1. Fried, spicy, fatty foods cause a lot of stress on the liver and gallbladder. While carrying a child, these organs work hard - you should not increase the risk of complications.
2. Exotic fruits, seafood, wild berries, foods containing flavorings and preservatives can cause congenital food allergies in a child.
3. Salt, as well as all foods high in salt. It has a bad effect on the kidneys, and also increases the likelihood of edema - one of the main problems of the last trimester - which is why pregnant women should not use this product.

Avoid eating spicy foods

What should you use with caution?

There are a number of products that are not completely prohibited, but can be harmful in large quantities. They should be used carefully, with an eye to the advice of a doctor.

In the absence of allergies, there is no reason not to please yourself with a piece of chocolate or a couple of slices of your favorite citrus. In addition, in moderate quantities, these products can be useful:

• chocolate contains beneficial minerals, flavonoids, which strengthen the immune system and also reduce the risk of preeclampsia;
• Citrus fruits are rich in vitamins, antioxidants, good for digestion and help with nausea.

To reduce the risk from consuming these products, choose dark chocolate or make a drink from natural cocoa, and replace oranges with grapefruit.

For some reason, some women are sure that pregnant women should not drink coffee. Caffeine is not a strictly prohibited substance for an expectant mother. It is perfectly acceptable to drink a cup of coffee with milk in the morning - it will help you feel energetic and cheerful. In addition, coffee is indispensable for hypotensive people - it is an excellent way to normalize low blood pressure.

Dangers of poor nutrition

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Pregnancy is an amazing state for a woman, in which, along with many positive aspects, there are certain prohibitions. There is a specific list of products that are contraindicated for pregnant women, for example, coffee or alcoholic beverages. There are also many things that can cause harm in an interesting situation, so they are also unacceptable. It is very dangerous to lift weights or take a bath that is too hot. But there are also absolutely superstitious prohibitions that are unlikely to cause harm, but women are very afraid to break them. Let's look at all these "don'ts" and why they are so important during gestation.

Having first noticed two lines on a pregnancy test, a woman is at a loss: what should she eat now so that the products do not harm the baby and benefit him? Therefore, we will consider foods and drinks that are categorically not recommended for consumption during pregnancy.

What not to eat during pregnancy: forbidden food

A pregnant woman needs to realize that the food she eats serves as a biological building material for the development of the child’s body, so it must be of higher quality and healthier. Doctors agree on one thing - the diet should be dominated by fruits and vegetables, cereals, dairy products and animal proteins. Also, a pregnant woman needs a full supply of clean drinking water and vitamin supplements (as prescribed by the doctor).

A separate point in the diet of a pregnant woman is restrictions on certain foods and drinks. They can have a bad effect on both the woman herself and the development of the baby. Why can't you eat certain foods during pregnancy?

The main reason is the vulnerability of internal organs, especially the stomach, which undergoes dramatic changes after conception. The location of organs changes, metabolism decreases and the tone of all muscles, including the intestines, weakens. Therefore, the usual diet before pregnancy can become a serious test for the digestive system in its new position. That is why during pregnancy you should not indulge in spicy and heavy foods.

In addition, restrictions are imposed on so-called harmful products with flavors, E-additives, and other unhealthful substances. This is due to the fact that these products reach the baby through the placenta and disrupt its normal development.

And finally, some dietary taboos can be caused by various chronic diseases, toxicosis or allergic manifestations in the expectant mother. Therefore, prohibited products are often selected individually.

So, what foods are prohibited during pregnancy:

• Sausages. Flavorful sausages and sausages have long ceased to be healthy. All you have to do is take a quick look at the ingredients and it becomes clear that it doesn’t smell like meat. And instead of animal raw materials, it contains huge quantities of spices, fat, dyes and other substances that have a toxic effect on the fetus.
• Sweets. Cheesecakes, marmalade, halva and other sugar-containing delicacies are a source of empty “fast” carbohydrates. These products instantly transform into excess weight and do not provide any nutritional value. As a result, the woman quickly gains weight, which has a bad effect on the overall course of pregnancy - lower back pain appears, tachycardia is annoying, and the fetus increases in weight excessively.
• Allergenic products. Chocolate, citrus fruits, and seafood can cause allergies, even if this did not happen outside of pregnancy. After conception, against the background of reduced immunity, the female body can react in a completely new way to foods that are familiar to it, especially if they can provoke allergies. Therefore, when you are in the first trimester of pregnancy, your doctor should tell you what you can and cannot eat from the “allergenic” list.
• Legumes. Corn, peas, and beans contribute to increased flatulence. These products are especially contraindicated starting from the second trimester, when the uterus is actively growing and begins to put pressure on the organs. If you overuse legumes, a woman will suffer from pain, bloating, and indigestion.
• Salty and smoked dishes. Such food puts a tremendous “load” on the liver and kidneys. This can result, at best, in heartburn and toxicosis, and in the worst case, gestosis, pancreatitis, and renal failure. It is especially important to remember that you should not get carried away with hot spices in the early stages of pregnancy, as they can worsen the course of toxicosis.
• Semi-finished products, sauces, croutons. Such products are simply oversaturated with harmful ingredients. They disrupt metabolic processes and impair digestion. As a result, the pregnant woman feels unwell, and the baby experiences a deficiency of nutrients and instead receives a whole set of E-supplements. In addition to all of the above, doctors advise refraining from consuming sugary sodas, undercooked meat and raw eggs, fast food and other foods that are not a healthy diet.

Why you shouldn't drink coffee during pregnancy

Drinking coffee during pregnancy is a topical and controversial issue. Doctors, although they do not advise, do not oppose moderate consumption of weak coffee during pregnancy, however, no more than 1 cup. But there are also specialists who are categorically against this practice.

Abuse of coffee during gestation can be fatal for a woman. Research shows that more than three cups a day can provoke a miscarriage or hypertensive crisis, especially if a woman has prerequisites for the development of gestosis. There is also a risk of developing hypocalcemia syndrome and potassium deficiency. These two elements are abundantly washed out of the body along with caffeine, which is present in coffee.

Important! During pregnancy, it is not the coffee itself that is harmful, but the caffeine it contains. Therefore, pregnant women need to limit other tonic drinks - a strong infusion of black and green tea leaves, Coca-Cola, and energy drinks.

Why you should not drink alcohol or smoke during pregnancy

Even small doses of low-alcohol drinks can cause birth defects in a baby or serious complications in a woman during childbirth. Alcohol is especially dangerous in the first trimester, when the embryo is forming. Regular exposure to alcohol to the fetus negatively affects the formation of its vascular and nervous systems.

The same restrictions apply to nicotine. Obstetric practice has long proven that smoking during gestation increases the risk of underdevelopment of the baby's lungs. In addition, the intrauterine influence of nicotine on the fetus threatens the future with an asthmatic component and reduced immunity.

What herbs should not be used during pregnancy?

Due to inexperience, pregnant women resort to herbal medicine, considering homeopathy much safer than medications. In fact, there are many herbal plants that can cause miscarriage, premature delivery, increase blood pressure, or aggravate chronic diseases.

All pregnant women need to remember well what is not allowed during pregnancy:

• oregano;
• cotton root;
• saffron (crocus);
• barberry;
• tansy;
• juniper;
• greater celandine;
• sagebrush;
• nutmeg;
• pennyroyal

Also, during gestation, the use of all essential oils is prohibited. Moreover, it is not allowed to take them internally, use them externally or for aromatherapy. This precaution is caused by an increased risk of developing severe allergic attacks, unplanned development of the birth process and a pathological reaction of the cardiovascular system.

Advice! Not all herbs are dangerous during pregnancy, and some of them can greatly help a woman during illness. Rosehip, peppermint and white tea will help cope with colds, ginger tea with lemon will calm uncontrollable vomiting, and lingonberry leaf will relieve swelling.

Prohibitions and pregnancy: what you can and cannot do during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman is observed by a gynecologist for the entire nine months. The doctor constantly monitors the woman’s health and, given her condition, may recommend some restrictions in various areas of life. So, if there is a threat of miscarriage, physical activity and intimacy may be contraindicated. If a woman has venous insufficiency, she is contraindicated from standing or sitting for a long time. Well, without exception, all ladies in this position are forbidden to be nervous and overworked. However, let's look at all these “don'ts” in order.

Sex during pregnancy: when not to?

For some reason, women think that it is impossible to have sex during a short period of pregnancy. Indeed, there are situations when sex is contraindicated. First of all, there is a threat of miscarriage due to uterine hypertonicity, improper placement of the placenta or hormonal disorder. Sex in this case will contribute to a sharp contraction and tension of the uterus, which can worsen the woman’s condition.

If there are no such contraindications, then intimate intimacy is even encouraged, especially in the last weeks of gestation. It turns out that sperm contains special substances - prostaglandins - that soften the cervix, thereby preventing ruptures during childbirth.

What not to do in sports during pregnancy

If a woman leads an active lifestyle, playing sports, then with the onset of pregnancy she will have to make some adjustments to her daily routine. It is better to avoid exercises with a sharp range of motion, strength training, and excessive stress on the back.

Advice! The best option for sports during pregnancy is yoga, Pilates, swimming according to a special program for pregnant women.

Why you shouldn't fly on an airplane while pregnant

Travel and travel are not contraindicated during pregnancy if it proceeds without complications. You can choose any transport except plane. There is a constant fluctuation in atmospheric pressure in the air, which can disrupt the normal course of pregnancy. During the flight, a woman’s blood pressure may increase, and if the pregnancy is more than 7 months old, contractions may even begin.

Why you shouldn't sleep on your back during pregnancy

Starting from the second trimester, it is better for pregnant women to avoid lying on their back while sleeping. During this period, the uterus and baby are already quite large, and in this position puts a lot of pressure on the diaphragm, blood vessels and internal organs.

If you do not follow the advice of doctors, the flow of blood through the veins will slow down, which will cause headaches, exacerbation of hemorrhoids, varicose veins of the pelvic organs and back pain.

Advice! The optimal position for a pregnant woman is to sleep on her left side.

Why you can’t cross your legs during pregnancy

Sitting in this position during pregnancy can cause many complications. Firstly, there is strong pressure on the fundus of the uterus and a deterioration in blood circulation, which causes oxygen deficiency in the baby. Secondly, the vein under the knee is pressed, which can provoke or aggravate existing varicose veins of the legs. And thirdly, it causes pain in the back and pubic area.

Why you shouldn't lift weights during pregnancy

During a normal pregnancy, it is permissible for a woman to lift no more than 5 kg, and if there is a threat of miscarriage, then generally lifting nothing more than 1 kg is prohibited. Although everything here is very individual and depends on the woman’s health. In any case, it is better to avoid carrying heavy objects, because this threatens not only miscarriage, but also spinal injuries, varicose veins, including hemorrhoids.

Why you shouldn't raise your hands during pregnancy

The prohibition against raising hands during pregnancy is a common superstition. And if you believe him, this position causes the baby to become entangled in the umbilical cord. But this also has medical indications. The fact is that when the arms are raised strongly, the uterus becomes overstrained, general blood circulation is disrupted, and dizziness appears. All these symptoms are unacceptable during pregnancy, so sudden raising of hands is best avoided.

Why you shouldn't be nervous during pregnancy

The relationship with nervous disorders in a newborn and frequent stress in a woman during pregnancy is a long-established fact. In addition, all pregnant women are forbidden to be nervous, since this increases the risk of developing a variety of pathologies - placental abruption, hypertension, diabetes, psoriasis and other diseases during pregnancy.

What not to do during pregnancy: myths and superstitions

Women planning a pregnancy, or already happily pregnant women, assign a special role to various superstitions and signs. Their essence sometimes causes real bewilderment, but women diligently continue to believe in them and worry about this, giving rise to many fears and doubts. Let's look at the most popular among them.

Myth No. 1. Why can't you cut your hair during pregnancy?

Since biblical times, hair has been considered something sacred, personifying the flow of life. Perhaps for this reason, the opinion has taken hold that cutting hair during pregnancy shortens the life of the unborn baby. In fact, there is no evidence of such a mythical relationship, so visiting a hairdresser in such a delicate state is left to the woman's discretion.

Myth No. 2. Why can’t you dye your hair during pregnancy?

This superstition has similar roots to the previous myth. It says that dyeing hair while carrying a child can make his fate unhappy.

In fact, the danger may lie elsewhere - old-generation paints (ammonia) can penetrate the mother’s body, and therefore the fetus, causing some complications. Therefore, if you want to look beautiful during pregnancy, use only ammonia-free paints.

Myth No. 3. Why shouldn't pregnant women touch cats?

The older generation always scolds pregnant women when they want to pet a cat. In their opinion, this will cause a large number of enemies for the child. Official medicine has another explanation, and it is absolutely logical. If a woman has not had toxoplasmosis before conception, she can become infected from the carrier of the disease - a cat. Although, if the animal is domestic and healthy, then there is no such danger.

Myth No. 4. Why shouldn’t pregnant women sew, knit, or embroider?

Anything involving a needle and thread is considered unacceptable during pregnancy. If you believe superstition, a woman can “sew up” the baby’s entrance into our world, or the child can become entangled in the umbilical cord. Such beliefs are associative in nature and do not in any way affect the course of pregnancy if the woman is not overtired during such an activity.

Myth No. 5. Why can't women have their teeth treated?

This statement was relevant several decades ago, when pain and fear during a dentist appointment could cause pregnant women to faint, panic attacks, and even the threat of miscarriage. And according to superstitions, this could cause severe fright in the baby.

Now, with the availability of safe painkillers, modern technology and the comfort of the procedure, dental treatment during pregnancy is completely acceptable and even encouraged. After all, it is known that teeth often begin to deteriorate during gestation due to calcium deficiency, and if you postpone treatment until later, you can completely lose your teeth.

To summarize, we can say with confidence that women during pregnancy need to be very careful when choosing foods, sports and transport. Therefore, immediately discuss with your obstetrician-gynecologist all possible prohibitions at the time of registration.

Video “Pregnancy in trimesters: what you can and cannot do”